Is It Really Just A Boy Thing - 1307 Words

Is it Really Just a Boy Thing? One of the most talked about topics in education is the widening achievement gap between male and female students. It has been debated for more than a decade of why male students are falling behind in the educational system. There is significant evidence to believe that this is a phenomenon. However, there is not a concrete answer as to why male students are lacking academically. This leads to two possible lines of thinking about gender gaps: Either they represent the innate biological differences in males’ and females’ abilities, or they represent the biases of how the school system treats male and female students. Both of these reasons are believed and argued to be the reason in differences academically. According to a 2010 report by the Center on Education Policy, Boys’ academic achievement in reading lacks that of girls. They state that it is, â€Å"one of the most tenacious gender-gap issues that is facing our school systems† (Jennings). Research steadily shows that, on average, women perform stronger in verbal skilled tests than men do. This lag in boys’ reading skills is shown consistently from the early grades through high school. Since the beginning of the National Assessment of Education Progress in the late 1960s, there has always been a gap in reading depending on gender. It is measured at ages nine, thirteen, and seventeen. In a study done in 2004, the gap at fourth grade narrowed to five-point difference in average scores, but thenShow MoreRelatedPersonal Note On Learning And Development1520 Words   |  7 Pagesmyself really as having leadership skills. I used to get anxious over making decisions just for myself. I can remember literally making myse lf sick to my stomach over college and ACT scores during my final year of high school even during my final’s week. Also, while I get along well with people; groups, especially talking in front of them intimidated me deathly. I have one of the best skills for putting my foot in my mouth, which is probably the only reason I learned to think on my feet really wellRead MoreThe Divide Of The Genders1313 Words   |  6 Pagesgirls were. For the past decades, this issue has stuck around. Many argue that boys are still more privileged than girls are. But many facts these days say otherwise. There are many people still that believe that schools are biased towards girls. Many think, â€Å"That girls are treated as the second sex in school and consequently suffer, that boys are accorded privileges and consequently benefit,† so these are usually the things many people seem to presume. So these types of ideas have the schools beingRead MoreAnalysis Of The Movie Boy 814 Words   |  4 Pagesindependently read texts, supported by evidence. Reading Response 4 Title: Boy Director: Taika Waititi Text Type: Film A character that I liked while watching the film was Boy. For an 11 year-old boy, Boy has a fantastic imagination and is always optimistic. From what we see in the movie, Boy has had a difficult life but only when it comes to his parents. Other than that his life is all right. In some ways I can relate to Boy because his father doesn’t live with him and neither does mine, but he isRead MoreMankind: Naturally Good or Evil? Essay example699 Words   |  3 Pageswrestling is just a popular pastime. As a result of loving unreasonable habits such as violence, one might wonder if the nature of mankind is naturally evil or good, but they do not know what to do without adults. Mankind is born naturally evil, however, your surroundings can determine whether or not you stay that way. In regards to this, William Golding’s novel, Lord of the Flies, is a story is told about many guilty boys, however, the boys are very young. In so, many wonder if the boys are naturallyRead MoreThe Darkness Of Light By Ambrose Bierce1178 Words   |  5 Pagespowerful anti-war stories, and fits in with the literary criticism New Historicism. It is about a young boy around the age of 6 years, whose father had fought in the Civil War. We later find out that the young boy is deaf and mute. This, and him being only 6 years of age, causes him to be naà ¯ve about the things he sees in the forest one day when he gets lost. The story starts off with the young boy wandering off from the house he lives at, hoping to find an adventure. He even brought his wooden swordRead MoreEmotion and Story Essay1323 Words   |  6 Pagesa poor family lived in the rotting slum and the boy in this family became a mature person from a childish kid. Because the boy’s father needs to pay his responsibility to his family and the people who he loved, so his rude behavior and act makes his son hate him for a short time. After the boy notice his family’s financial situation, then he realize it’s not easy be an adult to making life run in the society, and you would lose some important things while you are paying responsibility to your familyRead MoreEssay about Symbolism in Battle Royal, by Ralph Ellison806 Words   |  4 Pagesimagined. The harsh conditions that the boys competing in the battle royal must face are phenomenal. At first the boys are ushered into a room where a nude woman is dancing. The whi te men yell at the boys for looking and not looking at the woman. It is as if they are showing them all of the good things being white can bring, and then saying that they aren’t good enough for it since they were black. Next the boys must compete in the battle royal. Blindly the boys savagely beat one another. This is symbolicRead MoreGirls Are Better Than Boys Essay examples718 Words   |  3 PagesWhy girls are better than boys? It seems like girls have always been smarter than boys. Throughout the years girls have proven to excel with their brains. For example, a woman was the one to discover DNA instead of a boy. Girls are hard workers, mature individuals, and more aware than any boy has dreamed of being. Being hard working is just something most females are. They work hard to keep themselves organized. For example, my mom has always been the one to scold me for having an unorganizedRead MoreHow Your Child Acts Essay995 Words   |  4 Pagesembarrass or ashamed by their child, but only for the protection of their child. As we all know this world is not a safe place for people that are different. I think that parents are concerned when their girl acts like a tomboy, but they get really scared when their son starts doing what we traditionally consider girl stuff. A child should be raised to be whomever he or she chooses and the child shouldnt have to accept society, but society should accept the child for who they are. A parentsRead MoreThe Code Of Dress Code Busting1630 Words   |  7 Pagesthan the education of students. It should not be this way and some things need to be changed. Some people say dress code is causing girls to body shame themselves. It may not seem like it, but this is something that is having a very negative impact on girls. According to the article â€Å"Enforcing school dress codes teaches girls to be ashamed, not ‘modest’†, some parents and educators believe young women’s outfits-their bodies really- are too distracting for men to be expected to comfort themselves

Short Story Hat Winter - 1522 Words

hat winter, it felt like every time I saw my father, the sun cast off just a little more warmth than it had the day before. I don t remember a gray day whe I saw him. Once it had snowed the night before, and getting to his apartment to longer than normal, as the buses inched their way past snowbanks and awkwardly parked cars. But the sun made everything glisten, and the snow still had a pure look to it, which I knew would be gone by the following morning. I saw him Tuesdays. I d been seeing him Tuesdays for almost two years at that point. Before then, it had been Tuesdays and alternate weekends, but my life got busier, weekends got harder, and Dad didn t complain when we fell instead into a Tuesday evening ritual. Mom, who was still†¦show more content†¦Dad gets on a grin and a willingness to help. He s always there if you need him. Well, not always. He s unexpectedly there, like a warm day in January. He s a rescuer. I saw a woman stranded on a road, he d say. So I changed her tire for her. Or he took the box of kittens to the Humane Society, or he found the wallet with the ID intact, and returned it in person to its owner (and of course, turned down a reward). He helps blind people cross the street and lost people find their way. I go to bed and ask myself, Is the world a better place because I exist? he told me once. If I ve done one thing, no matter how small, that made the world a better place, I m satisfied. Of course no one ever got rich helping blind people cross the street. The world might be a better place, but child support cheks don t always show up on time, and I never did get that necklace made of stars. Both Mom and Dad see to it I know his limitations. All I can give you is dreams, Ashes, He said to me once. But one good dream is worth a thousand flashlight batteries. Ashes. I can still hear the fight. It was just a couple of months before the final breakup. I was in bed, allegedly asleep, when they went at it. Her name is Ashleigh! Mom shouted. A name you insisted on. So why do you call her Ashes? That s just my nickname for her, Dad replied. He was always harder to hear whe they fought. The angrier Mom got, the lower his voice dropped. For someShow MoreRelatedWinter Dreams And The Garden Party1225 Words   |  5 Pages Winter Dreams and The Garden Party I have chosen two short stories the first one being F. Scott Fitzgerald’s Winter Dreams and the second one being Katherine Mansfield’s The Garden Party. â€Å"Winter Dreams† was written in and published in 1922, and so was â€Å"The Garden Party†. â€Å"Winter Dreams† takes place during the winter months and we find the main character Dexter Green skiing on the golf course that he is a caddie for during the golf season. During the offseason, Dexter’s imagination becomesRead MoreAnalysis Of The Poem Schubert 903 Words   |  4 Pages1792-1828, â€Å"made seminal contributions† in multiple areas of musical composition, but he â€Å"most especially† made contributions to the area of â€Å"German lied† (Winter). His distinctive style could be part in due to the fact that he was native to Vienna, unlike other â€Å"celebrated musicians of Vienna like Haydn, Mozart, [...] and Beethoven† (Winter). Throughout Schubert’s life, he showed prolific musical ability. At the mere age of seven, he auditioned and impressed Antonia Salieri, a notable composer,Read MoreEssay about Original Writing: Short Story927 Words   |  4 PagesOriginal Writing: Short Story The weather was not unusual this morning. London had just received her share of rain for the year. The sky hinted the existence of the sun but dark gray clouds seemed to quench even the hope of such a splendor. It is February, month of sweethearts, ice cold days, and even colder nights. The month that all of London hoped would come soon, for it would mark the soon end of winter, the end to hibernation, when boys could finally once againRead MoreSir Patrick Spens1359 Words   |  6 Pagesballad is a poem or song that tells a popular story in short stanzas. The poem records a disaster from the thirteenth century.. The poem on your course tells the story of a knight, Sir Patrick Spens, who goes to sea on a mission for the king. Sir Patrick has to fetch the daughter of the king of Norway and sail with her to Scotland. As Sir Patrick Spens has to complete his mission in winter, he has a sense of doom about it. The poem tells the story, without any comment from the author about theRead MoreThe University Police Department : An Highest Level Of Professional Law Enforcement1428 Words   |  6 Pagesresponse to political and other external pressures, rather than being guided by the mission of learning, knowledge creation and public service (Kezar, 2014). As with all organizations not everyone is going to agree on everything. The chief of police fell short to the pressure and suggested that the department stop making marijuana-related arrests and decrease the number of minority arrests. The lieutenant is opposed to the idea. â€Å"This goes against everything we stand for; we are committed to the ConstitutionRead MoreProtecting The Innocence By F. D. Salinger1434 Words   |  6 Pagescheese importer, Miriam was able to raise Salinger and his two older siblings in the fashionable apartment district of upper Manhattan (French). In 1934 Salinger attended Valley Forge Military academy, where he grasped literature and began writing short stories (French). In spite of later being drafted to be in the military during World War II, Salinger wrote numerous works which inspired the lives of countless Americans. Through his use of point of view, characterization, and symbolism, Salinger aimsRead MoreEveryday Use Analytical Essay973 Words   |   4 Pagesaddress how ignorant a person can be to his or her heritage in the short story â€Å"Everyday Use,† by Alice Walker. The author shows the way of living, of a family to display the reader the way heritage is forgotten and, or ignored. In this short story the author uses a mother, and two daughters, Dee and Maggie, to demonstrate how different the thoughts are between a family and how they honor their heritage. Maggie is used in the story to show the reader how heritage is still followed and respected inRead MoreMy Interpretation of the Chrysanthemums1527 Words   |  7 PagesChrysanthemums† is one of John Steinbeck’s popular short stories. â€Å"The Chrysanthemums† represents inequality of gender, limitations, and feminism. The story is about a married woman living in the early 1900s who longs for a more exciting, meaningful existence. Elisa Allen is intelligent, accomplished, attractive, and ambitious. Yet she feels confined in her life and marriage. Steinbeck uses the world around Elisa to give the reader a comparison to her life. The story takes place in the Salinas Valley atRead MoreAnalysis Of John Steinbeck s The Chrysanthemums 1532 Words   |  7 PagesJohn Steinbeck’s short story â€Å"The Chrysanthemums† shows a time when women are controlled and restrained to a traditional lifestyle. It portrays a struggle for equality that is played out through the eyes of the third person narrator. In telling the story, the narrator depicts the story through speech, actions and appearances of the main character, Elisa. Her place in the story is that in a world of masculinity during the times of the Great Depression and a fight to keep a bit of her happinessRead MoreLove and Morality in the â€Å"the Lady with the Lapdog† by Anton Chekhov1656 Words   |  7 PagesAnton Chekhov Introduction The â€Å"Lady with the Lapdog,† is a story by a Russian author Anton Chekhov. It is a story that raises eyebrows and entices the mind as one reads through to understand the actions of the two main characters, Anna and Gurov. Their actions are looked down and unspeakable according to the Russian society. Chekhov has successfully managed to show how self-pleasure rise above everything in his short story. The short story revolves around love and morality as the two characters fall

Reflection on Non Violence Civil Rights Actions Free Essays

Martin Luther King preferred to achieve Civil Rights for African Americans through non-violent actions. He believed violence would only lead to more problems and conflicts as whites would want to find a way to get revenge for the problems caused by African Americans. Martin Luther King displays success through his non-violent action with the Montgomery Bus Boycott. We will write a custom essay sample on Reflection on Non Violence Civil Rights Actions or any similar topic only for you Order Now The Montgomery Bus Boycott is a prime example of a non-violent boycott. Rosa Parks, a member of the NAACP, decides to not give up her seat to a white man when the bus runs out of seats. After violating the bus rules, Parks was arrested. As a result, the Montgomery Bus Boycott began. African Americans across Montgomery, Alabama, stopped using bus services in order to damage the business financially. According to the Article â€Å"Martin Luther King Jr. , Remembers the Montgomery Boycott,† Martin Luther King believed if the protest was done â€Å"courageously, and yet with dignity,† the â€Å"walls of segregation [would] finally [be] battered by the forces of justice. By boycotting the bus, the company lost a tremendous amount of money because it lost many of its customers. Eventually, as a result, the bus company had to desegregate the buses and begin seating in a â€Å"first-come, first-served† basis. This economic win by Martin Luther King showed that violence is not always needed to solve problems. Even in the Deep South, the â€Å"Cradle of Confederacy† can be transformed into â€Å"Montgomery, the cradle of freedom and justice† through nonviolent actions. Martin Luther King made an Economic change by sparking a boycott in Montgomery, Alabama. He began a change in the way Civil Rights were going to be achieved for African Americans. Instead of getting their equality through violence and possibly another civil war, African Americans damaged segregated businesses through boycotts making non-violent action more effective. How to cite Reflection on Non Violence Civil Rights Actions, Essay examples

Symposium on Computers and Informatics

Question: Discuss about the Symposium on Computers and Informatics. Answer: Introduction Virgin Australia Holdings Limited (VAH) established as Virgin Blue in the year 2000, which engaged in providing domestic as well as international network services from the main hub Brisbane Airport services. The VAH ltd. is segregated through different segments such as Virgin Australia, Virgin Samoa, Virgin Australia Regional Airlines and Tigerair Australia. Presently, it is considered to be a global brand, as the company is able to expand more than 300 companies along with 50,000 number of workforce across the world. The company deals in the financial service, transportation, travel, fitness, music, media and mobile. The VAH ltd. is also listed under the ASX (Australian Securities Exchange), whose main proprietors are Singapore Airlines, Air New Zealand, and Etihad Airways. In the year 2014, the Pacific Blue again integrated with the Virgin Australia (CAPA, 2016). The major competitor of VAH Ltd. includes Quanta Airline, which deals in providing quality air services within a less possible cost with the help of its subsidiaries including Jester. Apart from this, other competitors include Singapore Airlines Ltd and United Continental Holdings Ltd. The company majorly concentrates on the businessmen, corporate and foreigners from the USA as the potential customers of the company (CAPA, 2016). The study intends to determine the risk profile of the company along with the initiative implemented by the company to identify and mitigate the risks. To elaborate the possible risk associated with the company, the paper accordingly examines the financial performance and returns of the VAH Ltd. In addition, the time value of money, the funds sources such as equity and debt and dividend policy of the company are also determined in the paper. Risk Profile The risk profile enables to determine the ability of an organization to identify the risk factors, which help the company to alleviate these potential risks and threats. With the support of appropriate risk management, the company can reduce the probable risks, which in turn can enhance the effectiveness of the work process. It further ensures less financial loss and brings out the appropriate methods and techniques to identify the risk examine the consequence and implement appropriate measures. As per the risk profile of VAH Ltd, to manage the risk, the audit and risk management committee will need to have direct link with the employees and seek for the advice or feedback to perform the duties efficiently. Concerning the internal operation of the company, it is observed that the board committee of VAH Ltd has initiated the audit and risk management committee to concentrate on the safety and operational risk and to maintain the risk management system including financial, safety and security, commercial, operations of the group (Virgin Australia 2014). Since the company operates in the global market, VAH Ltd has to deal with a huge number of risks related to the national as well as international airline industry. In this regard, the most possible risk faced by the company includes rising cost of fuel. In addition to this, consistently increasing number of airports has also become a huge threat to VAH Ltd, as other companies have started to provide alternatives of transportation for the customers, thereby making the competition tougher. Besides, another risk to the company is regarded as the increasing cost for ensuring air traffic safety and landing, or transit fees that affects the fina ncial status of the company. Stating precisely, the company needs to maintain a particular level of service quality as per the current market trend to retain its potential customers, as other competitors aimed to attract the customers by providing better services within lower price range. Hence, by maintaining such trend the company might be unable to balance the cost and service, which on the other hand can affect its overall financial abilities as well. The government policies and changes in technologies can also affect the company to operate efficiently, as due to currency and liquidity risk, the company might fail to meet their financial obligations in the present competitive market situation (Virgin Australia 2014). Financial and Return Performance The financial performance is usually examined to measure the extent to which the objectives of companies are being accomplished, which also has a huge contribution in managing the financial risks that might be raised during the work process. In this contemporary market, the industry has experienced huge transformation within few years for which every company further needs to change its process as well. Evaluating the financial performance is helpful, which assists to obtain knowledge regarding the companys overall financial status as per the market condition within a given period of time as well as in determining the profitability and financial growth (1Drake Fabozzi, 2012). As per the report presented by The Financial Times Ltd (2016), it can be understood that VAH Ltd has been constantly going through loss due to fall in the net income of 135.47% despite having growth in the revenues. The main reason behind the loss is the increasing percentage of sales and administrative costs that accounted for 34.66% to 36.94% (The Financial Times Ltd, 2016). In addition, the company has a debt in total capital ratio of 76.95%, which is lower as compared to the last year. The records of the company show that the earnings per share has been declined by -134.77%, whereas the cash reserve has been increased by 9.27% and the total revenues incurred through the cash flow is 5.26% (The Financial Times Ltd, 2016). According to the financial performance of the VAH was $5,021.0 million, which has been increased by 5.7% in the financial year 2015. The EBIT of the company recorded as $210.6 million, which has also been increased by $144.7 million (Virgin Australia Group, 2016). Therefore, based on the financial performance of the company it can be asserted that the company is able to perform effectively. However, it still has a chance to improve the net income by maximizing the cash flows from operations (Virgin Australia Group, 2016). Application of Time Value of Money The time value of money determines the value of the currency in the present market, which shows the advantages of receiving money in the present day instead of in the future. It is mostly included while dealing with the investment analysis, loans and making the financial decisions as per the company requirements (2Drake Fabozzi, 2009). The time value of money can be applied from different prospective areas, which include capital budgeting, bond valuation and stock valuation, which are further segregated into two groups namely the present value and the future value. The present value determines the cash flow to be received in the future rather has more value in the present situation. However, the future value determines the investment of the present will be added in the future. In order to apply the time value of money, the company will require to have effective marketing strategies and with a better financially capable (2Drake Fabozzi, 2009). The VAH Ltd has taken initiatives for restructuring the provision and optimizing the fleet as well as to minimize the future cost. The company has also conducted hedging program, which helps in managing the adverse fluctuation of prices in assets. In the year 2014, the hedging program has enabled the company to accomplish efficient fuel and foreign exchange rate. Therefore, the result obtained was more favorable in comparison to the current market price. Concerning the present situation, the company still holds a strong position in terms of its case flow along with strong balance sheet and liquidity (Virgin Australia, 2014). Therefore, the VAH with its effective strategies and better financial performance still has possibility to expand its earning capacity in future (Virgin Australia, 2014). Sources of Finance: Equity and Debt The sources enable the company to raise its funds, which can be in the form of capital market, retained earnings and loans. In this regard, the company needs to be financially capable to gain high growth and profitability in the market along with the increasing competition. The maturity of the business also plays a crucial role in determining the appropriate funding sources, wherein retaining the tangible assets can help the company to attain the financing sources more easily rather than the intangible assets. The debt refers to burrowing of money, which is supposed to be paid within an expected time period by the company and the equity is considered as the investment made by the owners that do not have specific date of reimbursement (IVCC, 2009). The equity shares have significant role in order to meet the financial needs of the company. The objective of VAH is to produce quality products and services as well as manage the financial system effectively. The funds obtained through equity sources therefore enable the company to manage and fulfill their objectives, wherein it does not become mandatory for the company to pay the dividends. In case the companys financial conditions depend on the equity sources, it might burrow the debt from any other financial institutions as per the requirements (IVCC 2009). On the other hand, the company can also conduct its operations with the help of debt financing. The debt is an important source of fund in particular projects through which the company with efficient record of credit will be needed. To utilize the debt financing, the company should have sufficient cash for reimbursement of loan. The debt financing can be considered as total amount of the cash burrowed form the moneylender, which would be at the anticipated date of maturity at the fixed rate of interests. The debt can be in form of the sale of bonds or loans. In this case, the primary amount must be paid within the date of maturity. Considering the stated fact, the company alone is not liable to change the rule that is set for the transaction, where the lenders holds the right to lend the cash and can order to return the same (Turner Doty, 2007). VAH Ltd is an airline industry is a public company, which is recognized to be one of the leading companies. The sources of the company are generated through the Space and Air transport in Australian Industry. According to the report presented by Bloomberg (2016), VAH is continuously making negative returns on equity with a total debt of A$2.1 billion, which was recorded in the year ended 2015. The long-term debt of $1,572 million of VAH for three months was ended by June 2016, whereas the total equity for the quarter was $675 million and the debt to equity was $3.29 million at the end of June 2016. Therefore, it can be identified that the company is involved in financing for the business growth with debt and volatility in earnings (Freed, 2016). The VAH is able to secure loan facility of $425 AUD from its main shareholders including Etihad Airways, Singapore Airlines, Virgin Group and Air New Zealand. This loan facility will enable the company to strengthen the balance sheet along with short-term flexibility. However, VAH was taking more time in order to repay the unsecured loan facilities (Freed, 2016). According to the report, the in 2015, the company is able to make revenue including sales (CAPA, 2016). Based on the review of the capital structure, the company is able to maintain their balance sheet, thereby enhancing their cash flow and profitability. In order to improve the financial performances, the company emphasizes maximizing the earning capacity in the year 2016, wherein it is able to set a benchmark in the Australian market by expanding the market share, thereby providing the quality services to the air travelers to the expected level as well (Virgin Australia, 2015). The company has around four major shareholder s those are providing the sources of funding and secured loan facilities. Therefore, the effective capital structure of the company will be more helpful in maximizing the long- term growth as well as value for the shareholders (Virgin Australia, 2015). Risk and Return The financial concept is based on bearing the risk and yielding return. The risk and return are interrelated to each other in which shows that higher the risk involved than higher will be the return. The return can be calculated by reducing the amount of investment, which has been included in the final amount (Mc Graw Hill Australia 2011). In order to ensure the effectiveness of the capital structure and mitigate the associated risks, it has expanded the networks in the international market by collaborating with other companies including Singapore Airlines, Etihad and Delta Airlines. The company started a joint venture with the Tiger Airlines, which has enabled the company to gain competitive advantage in the market. The acquisition of the SkyWest also enabled the company to maintain its capital structures as well (CAPA, 2016). In order to retain the positive rate of return and maximize the wealth of VAH, the investors intend to purchase the financial asset, which is helpful to imple ment appropriate decisions regarding the financial investment (Virgin Australia, 2016). Analysis of Dividend Payout Policy The dividend or payout policy can be considered as the framework, which provides guidance to the company in implementing decisions regarding the amount earnings to be paid to the shareholders. The payout policy has a significant role in case of distribution of profit or any kind of dividend distribution policies. It helps the company in augmentation of the earnings, thereby encouraging the shareholders to make appropriate decisions for the growth of the company. In case, the investors do not prefer to follow the companys dividend policy, they can sell the parts of the equities in order to enhance the capital (CS Investing, 2016). The payout policy can be categorized into different forms, which includes surplus policy, fixed policy, steadily increasing policy, fixed payout rate and low normal dividend and extra dividend policy (Mei Xing, 2015). As per the report of Virgin Australia Airlines Pty Ltd (2013), the company emphasizes to maintain the balances sheet. In this regard, the company has tried to compensate the debt and maintain the liquidity with limited borrowings. The VAH believes in reviewing the dividend policy rather than declaring extra dividend. According to the report presented by Murmann Cogin (2012), the company has stopped paying dividends after it has been listed under ASX at the end of 2014. Based on the stated information, it can therefore be affirmed that the dividend policy of the company mostly rely on the factors such as financial condition, financial requirements, financial agreements and earnings of the company. In addition to this, the VAH dividend policy is initiated or implemented based on the decision of directors of the company (Murmann Cogin, 2012). In the present market situation, VAH has not decided to declare the extra dividend to its shareholders unless they are able to repay the debt as of the year ended 2012. Initially, the company will focus on strengthening the balance, minimize the economic uncertainties, and support the future strategic plans and procedures. The payout policy will be reviewed only during certain circumstances such as requirement of cash. In order to compensate the debt, the company has further initiated the Game Change Program, which strengthens the capital structure of the company and intends to gain competitive advantages in the market. This program will enable the company to maintain the economic stability and attain the growth opportunities for the commercial aspects. With the help of the Game Change Program, the company has been able to maintain its financial and operating performances. In addition, along with the strategy of Game Change, the company aims to stabilize the stock price with the help of fixed payout policy as well as the information provided through the fixed payout policy help the investors to anticipate that if the future growth could remain stable or not (Mei Xing, 2015). From a different perspective, in order to retain sufficient profit, the companys profit growth rate has to be higher as compared to the dividend growth rate. Therefore, the steady increasing dividend policy enables the investors of VAH Ltd to obtain the information regarding the overall performance, thereby reducing the risk of business in the long run. On the other hand, the low normal dividend and extra dividend policy will also be adopted by VAH after repaying or stabilizing the financial ability of the company. Thus, it can be asserted that this dividend policy initiated by VAH will ensure the flexibility within the operations, thereby reducing the risks and solving the problems related to the payout policies (Mei Xing, 2015). Conclusions The study discusses about the financial concepts and principles concerning the operations and overall financial performance of VAH Ltd, which is recognized as the leading airline company in Australia. The company serves under both the national and international airline market. The company is specialized in offering quality services to its customers within lesser possible cost. The study emphasizes analyzing the financial performance of the company and the risk profile indicated certain possible risk factors due to which the company is not able to mitigate their financial obligations. Based on the overall financial performance of the company, it can be asserted that the possible risks associated with the company include changes in technologies and geographical such as bad weather and natural disasters, fluctuation in the currency value, increasing cost of fuel and increasing landing and transit fees. Concerning the return performance, it is also observed that the present financial pos ition of the company is comparatively down, as it has been experiencing continuous loss for a certain period of time due to fall in the net income and increase in the percentage of sales and administrative costs. Apart from this, the company is currently consuming excessive time for reimbursing the unsecured loan that was taken for maintaining the balance sheet, which implies negative consequences in the long run. Based on the debt to equity ratio of the company, it can be understood that the company is engaged in financing for business growth along with debt and volatility in earnings. Through the analysis of dividend policy of VAH Ltd, it is also observed that the company is not willing to declare a dividend unless they are able to repay the debt. In order to strengthen the balance sheet and make their business strategies more effective, the company has implemented the Game Change strategy, which is expected to provide positive outcome in this competitive era. References CAPA. (2016). Virgin Australia Holdings Limited. Retrieved September 21, 2016, from https://centreforaviation.com/profiles/airline-groups/virgin-australia-holdings-limited CS Investing. (2016). Paying out dividends or retaining the money. Introduction, 1-55. 1Drake, P.P Fabozzi, J. F. (2012). Analysis of financial statements. USA: John Wiley Sons. 2Drake, P.P Fabozzi, J. F. (2009). Foundations and applications of the time value of money. USA: John Wiley Sons. Freed, J. (2016). Virgin Australia gets $425m loan from airline shareholders. Retrieved September 21, 2016, from https://www.smh.com.au/business/aviation/virgin-australia-gets-425m-loan-from-airline-shareholders-20160320-gnmvcu.html Guru Focus. (2016). Virgin Australia Holdings Ltd (OTCPK:VBHLF) debt to equity. Retrieved September 21, 2016, from https://www.gurufocus.com/term/deb2equity/VBHLF/Debt-to-Equity/Virgin-Australia-Holdings-Ltd IVCC. (2009). A firms sources of financing. Chapter 12, 1-13. Mc Graw Hill Australia. (2011). Risk and return. Introduction, 1-40. Mei, X Wei, X. (2015). Analysis of dividend policy of listed company and its financial impacts. International Symposium on Computers Informatics, 1-7. Murmann, J. P Cogin, J. A. (2012). Changes at Virgin Airlines (Australia) 2000-2012. AGSM, 1-30. The Financial Times Ltd. (2016). Virgin Australia Holdings Ltd VAH: ASX. Retrieved September 21, 2016, from https://markets.ft.com/data/equities/tearsheet/financials?s=VAH:ASX Turner Doty. (2007). Energy management handbook. USA: The Fairmont Press, Inc. Virgin Australia. (2014). Virgin Australia Holdings Limited. Annual Financial Report, 3-144. Virgin Australia Group. (2016). Virgin Australia Holdings Limited (ASX: VAH) reports financial results for full year ended 30 June 2016. ASX Release, 1-10. Virgin Australia. (2015). Virgin Australia Holdings Limited (ASX: VAH) reports financial results for half year ended 31 December 2014. Retrieved September 21, 2016, from https://www.virginaustralia.com/nz/en/about-us/media/2015/VA-FINANCIALS-31DEC2014/

A Raisin in the Sun (Researched Analysis)

A Raisin in the Sun (Researched Analysis) Introduction The paper is an analysis of the play A Raisin in the Sun by Lorraine Hansberry. This was the first play written by a black woman and first appeared in 1959 and it about the life of Youngers, an African-American family. Youngers resided in a segregated neighborhood in Chicago.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on A Raisin in the Sun (Researched Analysis) specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The play through its various well nurtured characters have successfully brought out various themes such as sexuality, American dream, civil rights, culture, poverty, faith, compromise, tolerance and prejudice, primacy of family racism and oppression (Hansberry 55). The essay will concentrate on the climaxes in the play, faith as well as racial discrimination. Climax in this play has been brought out clearly and successfully by the author. Climax is a situation in which there is a clear twist of events that usually take either form, good or bad. Similarly, climax is used to refer to the end of the piece of art that is usually captivating and can leave people either happy or sad and mostly in dilemma. On the other hand racial discrimination refers to a situation where an individual or a group of persons are treated in an unfair manner due to their skin color or cultural background (Orlando 7). Thirdly, the issue of faith comes out clearly in the play. This is true and clearly depicted by mama, after receiving the check, she indeed bought a house and entrusted his son with the remaining some. Additionally, the family of Youngers again confirmed their faith in Walter after he refused to take the offer Mr. Lindler was offering the Youngers’ so that they cannot move to their new apartment. Racial discrimination has occurred and supported by the fact that the Youngers were unfairly treated by Mr. Lindler who tried to block them from going to their newly bought house. Climax in the play is realize d when Walter is made to understand by Bobo that Willy, the man entrusted with the money to start a liquor business has run away with the money, this thus killed Walters dream of becoming a business man. Another climax based on the second definition is when Mr. Lindler the white man was bluntly informed by Walter that the Youngers have not relented on their quest to move to their newly acquired house.Advertising Looking for research paper on american literature? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More By definition, racial discrimination refers to a situation whereby someone’s skin color is used as a factor to determine a number of issues such as concerning jobs, acquisition of property, and promotion among others. It is generally the unfair treatment of an individual or group of persons on the basis of their skin color. In the play A Raisin in the Sun, there are clear instances where the Youngers have been sidelined as a result of being black (Hansberry 148). The first case of racial discrimination is depicted when the life style of Youngers is described, a bigger family that only have one bathroom and where one must wait for his turn to get a shower. This kind of life facing the Youngers can be associated with the difficulties of black American to secure employment. In case they are lucky, they are only capable of working in jobs that have very little earnings that cannot sustain life of an average human being. From the play we are told Walter works as chauffer for a white family, the salary from such kind of work cannot be sufficient enough to sustain such a big family. Similarly, what Mama says summarizes it all, â€Å"We just plain working folks.† On the same note what Walter says about his wife that she has been working â€Å"in somebody else’s kitchen for the last three years to help put clothes on her [Beneathas] back† (Hansberry 111). It is presumably house of a whi te native and she endured unfair treatment while struggling to fend for the family. Additionally, the issue of discrimination came to light in the play when mama bough a new house in Clybourne Park. Mr. Lindner, a white later come to the Youngers family and claimed to be the chairman of Clybourne Park Improvement Association. When he was offered a drink, he blatantly refused just because it was offered to him by a black. We later learn that his motive was to purchase the house bought by the Youngers, since he (Mr. Lindler) claims that the place where the newly acquired house for the Youngers is unsuitable for them; they do not deserve to leave in such an area. He plainly puts it, â€Å"Negro families are happier when they live in their own communities.† (Hansberry, 73) Although it is not very clear whether, Beneatha refusal to accept the attention of Murchison George a local was on the basis of race, it is clear that she liked Asagai more so because he was intelligent, articu late and proud of their race, Africans.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on A Raisin in the Sun (Researched Analysis) specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Use of climax as a literature style is very significant as it keeps things or themes in the piece of art rolling as well as bringing things into conclusion. A good example of climax is depicted where Bobo brought made it known that Willy did run away with the money Mama had given Walter which he intended to open a liquor business, the hidden agenda of Walter then comes to light (Hansberry 91). As a result of such revelation, every member of the Youngers family was now aware of what Walter was unto with all the money entrusted to him by mama. Walter trust by mama has now diminished so to speak. This again makes the trust Mama had in him fade away, although she claimed previously when asked by Walter, â€Å"You trust me like that, Mama? Mama echoed that she still trusts him. Similarly, Walters’s dream of trying his hands on liquor business hit a snug. Another clear example of climax in the play is when Walter stood on his ground against what he had promised Mr. Lindner concerning the buying of the house the Youngers had acquired (Cummings 12) The news of Ruth being pregnant can also provide us with a typical example of climax. Although it was not planned by mama, we see her assigning some $3, 500 dollars as well as providing moral support and strongly object the idea of Ruth aborting.. Again the argument between Walter and his wife Ruth resulted to Walter proposing that Beneatha should either concentrate on her nursing career or just get married (Orlando 2). Faith in the play is depicted especially by mama. She strongly believes in her family despite the fact that she is in hard financial times. After receiving her check, she bought a house for her family; this not only depicts motherly love but also faith in her family members (Hansb erry 126). Additionally, she entrusted Walter, her son with the remaining sum of money. We see Walter being amazed and asking his mother if she had that strong believe in him, and what mama replies is that no single day has she lost trust in him (Cummings 4). Additionally, through Hansberry 126 we see an act of faith when mama set aside money for the purposes of educating Beneatha. The amount totals to $3,500. No one could have done that especially considering that the family was African-American. This shows us that mama has a dream that Beneatha is indeed capable of becoming a nurse which is her dreams.Advertising Looking for research paper on american literature? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More On the other hand, Ruth, Walter’s wife has no faith in him. When she found out that she was pregnant, after fainting earlier that day, she immediately opted for an abortion on the grounds that Walter will not provide for the additional kid due to financial problems (Hansberry 117). From the review of the play A Raisin in the Sun, the use of climax has been brought out effectively making the work interesting as well as captivating. Among the examples of climax in the play is when Walter refused Mr. Lindner offers on the house Mama had bought, additionally, the reporting of Willy running away with the money Walter had given him brought a new twist of events. On the other hand, the play brings out clearly the issue of racial discrimination. It is evident that the Youngers were leaving in a congested house since they could not secure well paying jobs due to their skin color. When mama bought a new and bigger house for the family, the white man who purported to be the chairman of Clybourne Park Improvement Association attempted to frustrate their effort just because the Youngers are black. Faith is also clearly depicted by mama in the play. This play is a typical literature on what happened to blacks in the past and indeed to a small extent at the present. Cummings, Michael. Lorraine Hansberry’s – A Raisin in the Sun / (The Ghetto Trap). 2010. Review of Arising In The Sun. Hansberry, Lorainne. A Raisin in the Sun. New York: Vintage Books, 1988. Orlando Green Review: â€Å"A Raisin in The Sun†, 2000. Web. Hansberry, Lorraine. A Raisin in the Sun Summary. Web.

The Constitution Essays (238 words) - Constitutional Law

The Constitution Essays (238 words) - Constitutional Law The Constitution The founders of America initially thought the primary role of the United States government was to chastise lawbreakers. The forefathers knew this could not be accomplished if one group held all power. The idea to divide the government into the following three branches was an incredible ingenious idea. The executive branch, the legislative branch, and the judicial branch were all designed in hopes of creating a fair government. There are many benefits from the separation of power, the executive branch has the power to execute the laws, the legislative branch has the power to make the laws and the judicial branch has the power to interpret the laws. Through the separation of power, no one assembly can hold all the power, since this would mean that one assembly would have endless power. So instead each branch has limited power. In actuality the three branches of government are not separate, but are intertwined in most ways. Each branch as its own role or power, but one branch cannot be enforced without involving or requiring the consent of all three branches. This system of shared power is known as checks and balances; however, one branch cannot function properly without the others. All of the checks and balances are counterproductive. Nevertheless, that is by blueprint rather than by mishap. By pressuring the three branches to be liable to others, no one branch can assume enough power to become overpowering.

Organizational Transparency Research Proposal Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Organizational Transparency - Research Proposal Example The literature review will follow a systematic literature map on organizational transparency. Some of the issues that will be looked at in the literature review include: impact of transparency on effective communication, impact of transparency on performance, impact of transparency on whistleblowing, effect of transparency on trust and cohesiveness, impact of transparency on efficiency and productivity, corporate responsibility contrast of the private sector, corporate codes, and the disadvantages of organizational transparency. Communication is an important aspect in an organization because it contributes towards the nurturing of organization culture and behavior. Griffin and Moorhead (2012), explains that â€Å"communication is the social process in which two parties exchange information and derive meaning† (p. 300). In the organization’s perspective the general realization is that the definition takes even a more complex approach due to the nature and degree of the interpersonal relationships. Communication is usually characterized by three very important aspects. These aspects are: delivering the message, the nature of the message and the perception of the recipient. However, Griffin and Moorhead (2012) outline that for every one of the aspects to be effective transparency should be a key consideration for both the source and the recipient of the message. A study documented by Institute of Public Relations (2010) verified that democracy cannot thrive in any institution when there is lack of information. In the public sector lack of transparency has been a key issue affecting performance and determining the public relations of a company. However, it is very difficult for an organization to promise or even claim transparency when there is lack of effective communication. Government sector institutions have realized that transparency does not only promote good public

Diaspora Assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Diaspora Assignment - Essay Example Croatian people have been dominant in many fields in the Australian society, especially in the sporting arena where they have made such a great impact by comprising the majority players in most Australian football clubs. This paper provides a critical analysis of the Croatian diaspora in Australia, development of media in the Croatian diaspora community in Australia, and examples of how media compares and contrasts to mainstream media on same key issues in the community, among other things. History of the Diaspora The concept of the diaspora grew out of the historic experience of scattering Jews outside their native lands and it implies that a whole community, usually a nation inhabiting a compact territory, underwent a forced dispersion. This concept was made popular in the sociology of migration in the 1990s and the relationship between the scattered communities and the homeland is crucial in defining the diaspora (Raggazi, 2009, p. 1). The homeland for immigrants is a source of id entity, in addition to being their source of values and loyalty; it can be generally understood that every diaspora is a migrant community because of the consciousness of belonging to a common nation and/or a distant homeland and acting upon this consciousness that eventually defines the diaspora. Diasporas are normally connotations of historically enduring strong emotional ties to the homeland, usually concerning some historical injustice that needs redress (Colic-Peisker, 2008, p. 158); the Croatian Diaspora in Australia was in response to the Yugoslav crisis of the 1980s and the war for independence and its aftermaths. The typical feeling of a lost homeland and tragic exile among the immigrants and the need to redress the historic grievances felt by a majority of the Croatian emigres led to the rise of diasporic transnationalism (Colic-Peisker, 2008, p.158). The emigres assumed leadership of Croatian communities outside Croatia and focused on the fight for Croatian independence f rom the communist Yugoslavia, and by 1991 when Croatian independence was confirmed by the failure of communism, Croatian emigres all over the world were known as an intensely politicized diaspora dominated by nationalist leaders. The most vocal part of the Croatian Diaspora in Australia had intensely emotional and political connection to the homeland, and its pronouncement of anti-communism and separationist agenda made it a clear-cut case of long-distance nationalism. The Croatian diasporic nationalism had two peaks: the 1970s after the Croatian Spring, Yugoslav Communist authorities had suppressed a Croatian nationalist movement in 1971, and during the war for Yugoslav succession in 1991–1995, which politically mobilised a large number of Croats in Australia. Development of Media Media development in the Croatian Diaspora in Australia has been stifled by lack of freedom of the press and the successive ongoing media manipulation that seeks to limit the influence of media bot h in the diaspora and in the homeland. In the old Yugoslavia, the Communist government controlled media and the Croatians knew only a limited range of information, and up to date, the Croatian media is not yet free and impartial. For instance, Karolina Vidovic, a Croatian journalist whose programme has been

QI Plan IV Implementing and Revising Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

QI Plan IV Implementing and Revising - Essay Example To achieve an effective result from the quality improvement, there has to be a well structured plan to govern the process. Structuring of the plan has to involve all stakeholders in a particular health care center from the board of directors to the least patient. The reason as to the inclusion of various stakeholders is to ensure a smooth operation and implementation of the plan characterized with little or no hurdles. Quality improvement may not exist without a well structured board of directors. In fact, board of directors define and set the direction of a particular health care institution. To outline and define proper direction in the implementation and revision of the quality improvement plan, board of directors need to define and establish realistic mission, objectives, goals and visions that need accomplishment (AIHP, 2007). After establishing the mission statements and governing rules, board of directors has to communicate the deliberations and messages to the other staff mem bers and stakeholders in the given health care institution. The board of directors is also responsible for determining and promoting values deemed right and worth of promotion throughout the company. Since plan cannot work without supervision, board of directors also play fundamental role of monitoring achievements and reviewing the goals and policies of the given health care organization. To ensure substantial implementation and revision of the quality improvement plan in health care organization, the board of directors has to determine working options, deliberate on the ones to pursue and provide the required support (Medscape education, 2007). The board of directors also reviews and evaluates future risks and challenges face the organization and set strategies to eliminate such perils. Furthermore, the board of directors of the given health care institution has to delegate authority to the management of the organization to achieve effective and ready internal control in the healt h care organization. As a way of achieving effective quality improvement plan in health care organization, it is the responsibility of the board of directors to ensure proper platform for communication and consideration of the interests of the various stakeholders in the institution. After defining the mission, objectives, visions, and goals of the given health care organization, board of directors passes the remaining implantation plan to the executive management heading the other workers. Being that executive director participates in the meeting of board of directors, the official helps in the planning process of the organization’s goals and missions. According to Bumpress (2012), executive manager plays very crucial part in the implementation process as the particular monitors the progress as well as advising on solutions in case of a problem. Improving quality of health care in a given health care organization requires collaboration with other like minded institutions and resource providers. Executive director satisfy this role by identifying the specific organizations and development partners who can help in quick realization of the plan. The manager also compiles progress reports and hurdles faced in the implementation process and propose systems to avert the overlying challenges. While playing the management roles, executive director

The problem with Management of Police Corruption

The problem with Management of Police Corruption Introduction Police corruption is a problem facing many global law enforcement systems. Most countries are faced with challenges of dealing with corrupt police women and men who undermine enforcement of the law. Police corruption involves acts of misconduct aimed at obtaining personal benefits, financial gain or advancement in careers which are performed in exchange for selectively pursuing or not pursuing an arrest or investigation (Peter 74). There are many forms of police corruption and one of the most common is acceptance of bribes in order to ignore arrest or investigation of certain criminal activities. In the US, this form of corruption is seen where organized crime such as prostitution or drug activities are concerned. Another common form of police corruption especially in the US is flouting conduct and procedures to gain conviction of a suspect. This may take the form of falsifying evidence which implicates a suspect. In rare cases, police participate in criminal activities. Most law enforcement agencies do not state statistics of police corruption due to fear of loss of public support for the force in fighting crime. However, it is acknowledged that police corruption is one of the greatest obstacles to fighting of crime. It is even harder to fight organized crimes since in many cases; police officers receive payment to protect the criminals. In countries such as Mexico, fighting drug use is a serious problem since most police officers are corrupt and protect the drug lords. This paper will evaluate poli8ce corruption, the forms it takes and appropriate recommendations which should be implemented in order to end the vice and ensure equal application of the law. The discussed issues will be summarized at the end. Forms of police corruption There are various forms of police corruption which are witnessed in the police force. These will be briefly discussed below; Opportunistic thefts This is a form of police corruption where officers engage in theft whenever they encounter an opportunity which facilitates the same. This is a major challenge facing the police force since it is difficult to prove opportunistic thefts by police officers in courts of law. An example of an opportunistic theft may occur when officers recover stolen property or money but intentionally undervalue it in order to keep some for themselves. Others may arrive at accident scenes or murder scenes and steal valuables from the injured or dead. In certain cases, police officers steal money or valuables from people they arrest. Such forms of corruption are difficult to prosecute since in most cases there are few if any witnesses who witness the crime (Roleff 16-18). Protection of illegal activities Protection of illegal activities is one of the greatest challenges facing established law enforcement agencies across the world. There are many police officers who are involved in protecting perpetrators of organized crime and in many cases, such officers have high authority. This makes it difficult for junior officers to arrest and prosecute such offenders (Jerome 8). Organized crimes such as sale of drugs, prostitution, human trafficking and gambling usually thrive due to protection from police officers. Usually officers are offered cash incentives or other benefits which compromise their principles. In yet other cases, police officers are either blackmailed or threatened with harm to their families or themselves in order to guarantee their protection of illegal activities. Such forms of police corruption are also difficult to prove in a court of law since organized criminals are usually intelligent and hide their activities very efficiently. Police officers who protect them also m ake prosecuting such criminals very difficult. Corruption of authority This is a form of corruption which involves the reception of free meals, drinks and gratitude from people the police are supposed to serve. This form of corruption may or may not be originally be intended to corrupt the police officer. Sometimes the public gives officers free gifts as a means of appreciation for services rendered. However, over time, this culture leads to corruption in the police force since officers feel obliged to serve people who reward them more efficiently than those who do not (Punch 53-58). Some corrupt individuals may also use such gifts as a means of blackmailing officers to perform specific services which may not be lawful. Many police departments have outlawed the reception of gifts of any form by police officers from the people they serve. Direct criminal activities There are cases where law enforcers including policemen directly commit crimes which they are supposed to prevent. Such police officers commit crimes while disguised as civilians and this makes it difficult for other law enforcers to arrest and prosecute them. Police officers have sophisticated training beyond that possessed by ordinary civilians and they are likely to leave little evidence when committing crimes which creates a challenge of prosecuting officers who engage in crime. Some officers have also been known to lend their weapons or uniforms to criminals who may commit crimes which masquerading as police officers. Other collaborate with criminals to commit crimes especially crimes involving stealing of large sums of money such as money escort services. Police officers who commit crimes are usually sacked fro the force and prosecuted as civilians. However, as was previously mentioned, their knowledge of handling weapons and gathering evidence makes tracking and prosecuting su ch officers difficult. Sabotaging criminal cases This is a serious form of police corruption which involves directly sabotaging evidence or court processes in order to ensure that a particular suspect is found not guilty and released. Some officers tamper with evidence gathered or intentionally do not follow rules of gathering evidence in order to ensure that suspects are released on a technicality. Other do not attend court sessions when summoned in order to ensure that there is inadequate evidence against a suspect. In extreme cases, officers have been known to aid the escape of suspects from custody. All these are serious offences since they undermine the justice system and prevent guilty people from being prosecuted for crimes committed. Solutions for preventing corruption in the police force There are various recommendations which may be useful in discouraging police officers from facilitating or engaging in criminal activities. These will be discussed below; Legislation Legislation is one of the most effective deterrents to crime. Harsh fines and sentences usually deter criminals from engaging in criminal activities. This form of deterrence also applies to corrupt police officers. Heavy punishment and fines against police officers who are proved to be corrupt in court will act as deterrent to other officers who are considering engaging in criminal activities. Legislators should pass laws which encourage stiff sentences to officers who engage in corruption. Local police departments should also develop tough policies which discourage corruption against police officers. These policies should encourage the sacking of officers who are found to have engaged in corruption at any level. This will encourage officers to follow their code of conduct and observe equal application of the law to all. Effective remuneration In many countries, police officers are underpaid and they are forced to work in dangerous conditions with little or no incentives. In fact, many officers are unable to cater for the basic needs of their families on their income alone and they are forced to supplement their income with income from other activities. This is one major factor which encourages police corruption. Many officers engage in corruption due to an inability to sustain their families with the income they earn (Tim 31-37). They are forced to engage in illegal activities in order to supplement income. Effective remuneration of officers including adequate allowances will reduce their motivation to engage in corruption and it is likely to reduce cases of police corruption significantly. Sensitizing police and the public Police and the public should be sensitized on the adverse effects of corruption in the police force as a long term solution to police corruption. This is the most effective solution to the problem of police corruption. The police should be informed that corruption goes against the oath they took and that it destroys the fabric of society. They should also be aware of the consequences of being caught practicing corruption. The public should also be made aware of the harm caused to society by collaborating with corrupt police. They should understand that corruption within the police force makes society unsafe and causes an upsurge in criminal activities (Prenzler Ransley 78-83). Community policing should be encouraged and communication avenues given to the public to report corrupt police women and men. Recording contact with public Recording contact between officers and the public is very effective in reducing corruption. Many officers are unlikely to engage in corruption if they are aware that their actions are being recorded. This is an effective strategy which has worked well in the US where police cars have cameras which record contact between such officers and the public. However, it must be noted that this is not a very effective long term solution to corruption in the police force since police have devised other methods of practicing corruption away from the glare of the camera. It must also be noted that such recordings are usually effective when police officers are dealing with relatively minor offences such as traffic offenses. Summary and conclusion Police corruption has been seen to be a serious problem affecting society. Although there are few statistics on police corruption, the effects of police corruption are clear to all. Various types of police corruption have been discussed and these include opportunistic thefts, protection of illegal activities, corruption of authority, direct criminal activities and sabotaging criminal cases. These forms of corruption lead to an increase in crime and few prosecutions of criminals. Solutions to the problem of police corruption include legislation, effective remuneration, sensitizing police and the public and recording contact with public. Once these recommendations are implemented, cases of police corruption will drastically reduce.

child development :: essays research papers

What major psychological challenges do children face during middle childhood? In middle childhood children face many new challenges: the challenge of knowing who you are, the challenge to achieve, the challenge of peers, the challenge of family relationships, and the challenge of school. All of these challenges are affected by influences of peers and family relationships. 2. What important changes occur in a child’s sense of self during middle childhood? A child’s sense of self begins to rapidly evolve in middle years and becomes more organized and complex. This sense of self is continuously revised with increasing age and experiences. This grows with social experiences and out of contacts with others. 3. What is achievement motivation, and what forms does it take? Achievement motivation is a tendency to show initative and attaining goals by increasing competence and meeting standards of excellence. There are two forms of achievement motivation: one focuses on competence as such and one that emphasizes the judgments people make about competence. 4. How have changes in the nature of the family, such as increases in the proportion of a single-parent and dual-wage-earner families, affected children’s psychological development? The changes in the nature of family can greatly affect a child’s psychological development. These changes such as divorce and blended families pose challenges to children. These situations usually cause stress on all members of the family even though boys and girls react differently. 5. How do peers contribute to development during middle childhood? Children are influenced by their school’s culture and peers. This influence is positive if a school’s culture and a child’s family culture are similar. This plays a role in how children experience and interact with others , how they percieve themselves, and how they develop psychosocially.

The Laws in the Reconstruction Era and the Civil Rights Movement

The Laws in the Reconstruction Era and the Civil Rights Movement The civil rights movement that started and grew through the years following the Brown v. Board of Education decision of 1954 and with the help of the Voting Rights Act of 1965 (Patterson, 2001) marked an important period that accomplished more than ending segregation in cities and unfair rights; it led to the transformation of American social, cultural, and political life. The civil rights movement did not only demonstrate that the rights of African Americans should not be ignored but also showed how a nation as a whole had the power to change itself. The way the civil rights unfolded, gave others a chance to reach equal opportunity in the future. When one thinks of the words â€Å"civil rights† one often thinks of Martin Luther King’s â€Å"I Have a Dream† speech before the nation’s capital. Many can recall television footage of peaceful marchers being abused by fire hoses and police dogs. These and other images can be seen as a struggle and intense burst of black activists that characterized the civil rights movement of the mid twentieth century. Yet African Americans have always struggled for their rights. Many consider the civil rights movement to have begun not in the 1950s but when Africans were first brought in chains, centuries earlier, to American shores (Gillon & Matson, 2001). In particular, those African Americans who fought their enslavement and demanded fundamental citizenship rights laid the foundation for the modern civil rights movement. The first slaves were brought to America in 1619 ( Gillon & Matson, 2001). Not until the Thirteenth Amendment abolished slavery following the Civil War did blacks gain their freedom (Gillon & Matson, 2001). But the newly freed blacks could not read or write and did not have money or property, and racism and inequality remain, especially in the South, where slavery had predominated for so long. To aid black assimilation into white society, federal and state governments implemented many democratic reforms between the years 1865 and 1875, the Reconstruction era (Gillon & Matson, 2001). The Fourteenth Amendment, for example, guaranteed blacks federally protected equal rights, and the Fifteenth Amendment granted black men the right to vote (Gillon & Matson, 2001). Despite these and other measures to help the former slaves’ rights, the effects of the Reconstruction era were short lived. In the area of extreme southern white society, many did whatever it took to keep blacks from enjoying any of the benefits of citizenship. Some, for example, sought to keep African Americans from equal rights through harassment or intimidation. A number of racist groups, such as the Ku Klux Klan (KKK), used even more cruel methods including lynching and other forms of violence to terrify African Americans seeking to exercise their rights or advance their social position. You can read also  Similarities and Conflicts in † a Streetcar Named Desire† As the constitutional guarantees of the Thirteenth, Fourteenth, and Fifteenth amendments continued to slowly disappear, the Supreme Court struck perhaps the most crippling blow to the black struggle for equality: In 1896 the Court ruled in Plessy v. Ferguson that blacks and whites could be legally separated as long as the facilities for each were â€Å"equal† (Chong, 1991). Facilities for blacks and whites were rarely equal. More importantly, the Supreme Court’s decision, by legally backing segregation, gave white society a powerful tool to keep blacks from enjoying the rights of citizenship. With the Supreme Court now reinforcing the South’s segregation practices, the environment of white racism gave birth to the Jim Crow Laws, southern customs and laws that kept parks, drinking fountains, streetcars, restaurants, theaters, and other public places segregated (Conklin, 2008). In response to Jim Crow, which by 1900 extended into all parts of public life, several leaders in the black community stepped up to debate political strategies to fight injustice and racial inequality. One of the dominant figures of this early movement for civil rights was an intellectual W. E. B. Du Bois, who encouraged African Americans to fight for the rights that they deserved. Du Bois’ crusade led, in part, to the formation of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), a civil rights organization that brought together lawyers, educators, and activists to collectively fight for black civil rights (Powledge, 2001). Through protests, agitation, and legal action, the NAACP continued a steady campaign to end segregation in housing, education, and other areas of public life. With the outbreak of World War I, well over a quarter of a million black troops joined the military, but were relegated to segregated units (Romano, 2006). At the same time, many blacks traveled north to take advantage of the rapidly increasing defense industries. This massive migration, however, aggravated unemployment and other problems that already plagued the northern urban centers. Racial problems continued. When the United States entered World War II, African Americans were, as before, subjected to discrimination in the defense ndustries and in military units, despite their willingness to risk their lives in combat (Powledge, 2001). These wartime experiences, along with a growth in the African American population resulted in a surge of black protest that brought Jim Crow under national scrutiny. During the 1950s, two incidents brought the issue of civil rights squarely into the public spotlight. On May 17, 1954, the NAACP, which had been steadily chipping away at the legal foun dations of segregation, won an unprecedented legal victory: The Supreme Court unanimously ruled in Brown v. Board of Education that segregation in public schools was unconstitutional (Polsgrove, 2001). Chief Justice Earl Warren presented the Court’s decision, in which he describes why â€Å"separate but equal† in education represents a violation of African Americans’ rights: â€Å"Segregation of white and colored children in public schools has a detrimental effect upon the colored children. The impact is greater when it has the sanction of the law; for the policy of separating the races is usually interpreted as denoting the inferiority of the Negro group. A sense of inferiority affects the motivation of a child to learn. Segregation, with the sanction of law, therefore, has a tendency to inhibit the educational and mental development of Negro children and deprive them of some of the benefits they would receive in a racially integrated school system† (Patterson, 2001). By ruling against â€Å"separate but equal† doctrine set by the case Plessy v. Ferguson, the court had struck a blow to segregation. But still many southern racist practices were still being practiced, and many whites remained opposed to change. With the ruling of Brown, the affects remained slow, if not existing at all. Many school officials refused to comply with the ruling and the threat of harassment; for the ruling had unleashed fierce resistance preventing many black students from enrolling in all-white schools. At the same time, schools for black students remained overcrowded, dilapidated, and, in general, grossly inferior to those that their white counterparts enjoyed (Conklin, 2008). The second incident that captured the public eye unfolded in Montgomery, Alabama, when a woman named Rosa Parks started the spark that would provide the momentum for the entire civil rights movement. On December 1, 1955, the NAACP member boarded a public bus and took a seat in the â€Å"Negro† section in the back of the bus. Later, Parks refused to relinquish her seat to a white passenger, defying the law by which blacks were required to give up their seats to white passengers when the front section, reserved for whites, was filled (Polsgrove, 2001). Parks was immediately arrested. In protest, the black community launched a one-day local boycott of Montgomery’s public bus system. As support for Parks began, the NAACP and other leaders took advantage of the opportunity to draw attention to their cause. They enlisted the help of a relatively unknown preacher, Martin Luther King Jr. , to organize and lead a massive resistance movement that would challenge Montgomery’s racist laws (Kohl, 2005). Four days after Parks’ arrest, the citywide Montgomery bus boycott began (Kohl, 2005). It lasted for more than a year. Despite taunting and other forms of harassment from the white community, the boycotters persevered until the federal courts intervened and desegregated the buses on December 21, 1956 (Kohl, 2005). The Montgomery bus boycott was important because it demonstrated that the black community, through unity and determination, could make their voices heard and effect change. Picketing, boycotting, and other forms of resistance spread to communities throughout the South. Meanwhile, King emerged as the movement’s preeminent leader. His adherence to the nonviolent tactics used by the Indian nationalist Mohandas Gandhi would largely characterize the entire civil rights movement and inspire large scale participation by whites as well as blacks (Sunnemark, 2003). From 1955 to 1960, the efforts of blacks to bring attention to their cause met with some success. In 1957 Congress passed the Civil Rights Act, the first since Reconstruction, to establish a civil rights division in the Justice Department that would enforce voting and other rights (Davis, 2001). Meanwhile, the NAACP continued to challenge segregation, and out of that came numbers of new organizations that where formed. Among these, the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC), a Christian-based organization founded in 1957 and led by King, became a major force in organizing the civil rights movement (Sunnemark, 2003). An organization called the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) grabbed the media spotlight, and started many protests; when it backed four students who launched a sit-in campaign to desegregate southern lunch counters (Conklin, 2008). Not only was the nonviolent sit in technique used to desegregate other public places, but it gave large numbers of African American youths a way to participate in the movement. This helped gain national attention, bringing equal rights demands before the public eye. The protest movement continued to accelerate as different leaders tested new tactics and strategies. Many established community-based projects that sought to combat the barriers that kept blacks from voting. Others targeted the white terrorism that continued to intimidate blacks into submission. King and other leaders launched a massive campaign that brought together thousands of blacks in Birmingham, Alabama, one of the most segregated and violently racist cities at the time (Sunnemark, 2003). Early in the campaign, King was arrested and jailed. From his cell, he penned his famous â€Å"Letter from Birmingham Jail,† which earned him the support of many sympathetic whites (Conklin, 2008). Meanwhile, as blacks continued the desegregation campaign in Birmingham, an event occurred that irrevocably commanded the attention of America and its leaders: In an effort to stop a demonstration, the notoriously racist police Chief Eugene â€Å"Bull† Connor turned vicious attack dogs and fire hoses on the peaceful demonstrators (Sunnemark, 2003). The force of the water slammed women and children to the ground and sent others hurling through the air. Television coverage and other media reports of these brutal assaults shocked the nation and viewers around the world. After a month of this highly publicized violence, city officials repealed Birmingham’s segregation laws (Powledge, 2001). In Birmingham’s aftermath, mass demonstrations continued to spread, as did fierce resistance within the white community. In response to these events, King and other leaders planned a mass gathering on the nation’s capital in the summer of 1963 (Sunnemark, 2003). On August 28, the March on Washington brought an estimated quarter of a million people, black and white, in front of the Lincoln Memorial, where King delivered his now famous â€Å"I Have a Dream† speech (Romano, 2006). This triggered the SNCC to start a wide-scale campaign to bolster voting rights. The group launched a massive voter registration drive throughout the South, concentrating on Mississippi, where less than 5 percent of the state’s eligible blacks were registered to vote (Conklin, 2008). Freedom Summer, as it became known, was marked by episodes of extreme white terrorism. One of the most heinous examples involved three young civil rights workers. The trio was working to register voters when they were arrested and later murdered by the Ku Klux Klan (Patterson, 2001). By 1965 the voting campaign had shifted to Selma, Alabama, where, under the leadership of King, thousands of demonstrators began a fifty-mile trek to Montgomery (Sunnemark, 2003). This time, as the peaceful demonstrators approached the Edmund Pettis Bridge, state troopers used police whips and clubs to halt their progress. The scene blasted into American living rooms via the nightly news. After â€Å"Bloody Sunday,† thousands of people gathered again to complete the march, this time under the protection of the Alabama National Guard (Powledge, 2001). On August 6, 1965, shortly after the highly publicized events in Selma, President Johnson signed into law the Voting Rights Act, which, for the first time since Reconstruction, effectively opened up the polls to southern black Americans (Davis, 2001). By the mid-1960s, many black activists started to lose faith in the civil rights reforms that thus far had targeted only the most blatant forms of discrimination (Chong, 1991). While King’s nonviolent direct action approach had dominated the movement, many people particularly in the North, adopted a more revolutionary stance. As a wave of nationalist sentiment grew within the movement, organizations such as SNCC and CORE took up more militant agendas. SNCC, for example, began promoting a program of â€Å"black power† a term that meant racial pride (Conklin, 2008). The greatest spokesman for Black Nationalism was Malcolm X. With his working-class roots and charismatic style of speaking, Malcolm appealed to a lot of young urban blacks. Malcolm rejected Dr. King’s advocacy of nonviolence and instead urged his followers to secure their rights â€Å"by any means necessary† (Sunnemark, 2003). After Malcolm’s assassination in February 1965, another extremely provocative Black Nationalist group emerged: the Black Panthers, a group that boldly adopted the idea â€Å"by any means necessary† (Sunnemark, 2003). Race riots exploded across America, as blacks trapped in urban slums lashed out against the poverty and racism still rampant in their communities. Not only did the riots devastate ghetto areas that were home to millions of African Americans, including those in the Watts section of Los Angeles, but the racial violence started a separation between those who continued to believe that civil rights could be achieved through peaceful means and those who were more violent . King’s assassination in April 1968 struck a blow to the already fractured civil rights movement. Marin Luther King Jr. became the face of national equality not just for African American but to all those who sought justice and freedom. The American civil rights movement nevertheless left a permanent mark on American society. Most of the forms of racial discrimination came to an end, and racial violence decrease. Today, African Americans can freely exercise their right to vote, and in communities where they were once banned from the polls. Millions of African Americans have been lifted out of poverty as a result of the many economic opportunities created by the civil rights movement. Also important, the civil rights movement served as a model for the advancement of other minority groups, including women, the disabled, Hispanics, and many others. The civil rights movement has left a legacy in which generations after it can learn by reading it and not through experiencing it.

Falling Leaves return to their roots essays

Falling Leaves return to their roots essays Falling Leaves The Memoir of an Unwanted Chinese Daughter, by Adeline Yen Mah, is a story of a young Chinese girl growing up in an environment that most people would crack under. Under the reign of a evil stepmother, Mahs life was worst than most young unwanted Chinese daughters during the early 1900s. However, due to her strong will and the influence of a special Aunt she is able to over come such a horrid childhood. Today she is a medical doctor in America. However, if she did not have the strength of character to escape to America, where she attended school, is experiencing a fulfilling medical career and a happy marriage, her story could have never been told. The strong and intriguing meaning of her story, Falling Leaves is symbolic of Mahs life. Mah is represented as an individual leaf on the tree of life that has roots stretching back in time; each leaf has a different experience as shown by Mahs hardships, the significance of Falling Leaves is shown through Mahs insight of the beauty of life and its circle of renewal. All people have roots that reach far back in time that contribute to the legacy that makes up ones life in the present. Mah's family background, as she quotes in the story, [is with] a Shanghai family headed by my affluent father and his beautiful Eurasian wife, set against a background of treaty ports carved into foreign concessions, and the collision of east and West played out within and with out my very own home (Pg. 4). Since Mahs life is affected by the attacks that rocked twentieth-century China it is the presence of strong women that influence Mahs roots. Since Mah's mother dies shortly after she is born, Mahs female role model is her rebellious grandaunt, whom in an era during which Chinese women were still having their feet bound, founded a bank run by and for woman. Another woman who helped shap ...

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Situation Comedy essays Situation Comedy Before writing this essay, I watched a old re-run of The Fresh Prince of Bel-Air, and I read the chapter in the television textbook where a episode of Leave It to Beaver was broken down into Act One, Act Two, Act Three and Act Four. It was there that I realized that since 1951, with the premiere of I Love Lucy, that most sitcoms follow a very basic, but successful pattern. I will demonstrate how this is accomplished in the sitcom week in and week out. The first act must establish the situation in the show. The second act must show the complication involved in the particular episode. The third act must show the confusion the actors or actresses go through, and the fourth must have the solution for the complication and the confusion. In the first few minutes of a sitcom, the viewer will be shown something that catches their eyes. In most cases, that will establish the situation for which the episode will be based on. For example, in Fresh Prince of Bel-Air we see that the shows main character, Will, gets slapped in the face by a beautiful woman, who at first hugged him. The show then cuts to a commercial having established the situation and knowing that the audience is putting down the remote control and waiting to find out why Will got slapped. In the television textbook, Wally and the Beav agree to take care of a neighbor valuable cat against the advice of their father, Ward, who thinks about what will happen while the cat is under their care. That sets up the situation where the audience knows something is going to happen to the cat but doesnt know what. So the audience will remain glued to that episode of Leave It to Beaver until they find out what going to happen. After the commercial break, the audience will see the complication in that episode. In the Fresh Prince of Bel-Air, Will finds out that Ja...

Advice on Frances Rights under the Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Advice on Frances Rights under the Law - Essay Example The facts of the case are that Frances made the order for the computer system on June 5, 2012, and paid the full amount of  £3,000 to Avalon Computers Ltd. Avalon is a mail order firm. The system was delivered three days later, but Frances wished to return the computer system, still in its box and unopened/unused, a week later. She asked to return the system in exchange for a refund via fax, but Avalon said no. The objective of this note is to be able to give Frances advice on her rights under the laws of the European Union, related to her being able to secure the refund from the mail order company Avalon. This note also covers advice on where else, by way of person or body, Frances may be able to get redress for her situation (â€Å"From the Instructions†).It is worthwhile, as a prelude to giving advice, to go over the relevant legal literature on the issue at hand. First, the quoted legalese above is in the form of a directive, and it is worthwhile to know the nature of a directive under the European Union laws. Directives are one of three types of legislation in the European Union, with regulations and decisions being the other two. Directives, in essence, are â€Å"general rules to be transferred into national law† by member countries as the countries see fit or appropriate to do so. This is opposed to a regulation, which has the force of a national law, with the exception that regulations have the force of being a law applied to all of the member countries.... Directives, in essence, are â€Å"general rules to be transferred into national law† by member countries as the countries see fit or appropriate to do so. This is opposed to a regulation, which has the force of a national law, with the exception that regulations have the force of being a law applied to all of the member countries. A legal decision, meanwhile, is different from the first two, in that it has specific application to particular organizations or persons (European Commission). The European Commission itself has the compliance and application responsibilities as far as the laws are concerned, for all of the member states. The work includes making sure that the countries infuse into their national laws the laws of the European Union. The Commission is also responsible for monitoring the compliance of member countries towards EU directives as they are timed for implementation (European Commission (b)). One discussion further reinforces the differences between directive s, which are binding in general to the member states for their own implementation and translation into the national laws of the country, and regulations, which are generally applicable to all the member states without need for legal translation into the countries’ individual national laws (BBC): Under the process known as "transposition" the directive sets the framework but the practical details of implementation are left for the member states to decide. By contrast, regulations have "general application". That means they are binding on individuals and effectively form part of domestic law as soon as they are made. It is generally only necessary to amend existing national provisions that are inconsistent with regulations, rather than make new legislation altogether. (BBC) It is to be made

A Computer Distributed Banking System Term Paper

A Computer Distributed Banking System - Term Paper Example In this term paper the researcher presents the architecture of the core banking system of T-Bank. The main operations of bank are deposits and loans (mortgage, consumer loans). In the paragraphs that follow, firstly, the researcher provides an overview of the bank infrastructure and network. The bank’s network consists of a number of 100mbps Ethernet LANs (Spurgeon), (one for each bank branch or division) interconnected by a 2Mbps frame relay broadband network. Secondly, the researcher also presents the general requirements of the system in terms of functionality, efficiency, reliability and consistency that are needed. The researcher also provides the description of the distributed system architecture currently being used. Then, the researcher focuses on the description of the architecture and main features of the system used in T-Bank, in relation to the requirements presented in the term paper. Finally, the main functional and technical problems with the current distributed system architecture are presented as well, together with the suggestions of the researcher on the topics of improving some of the issues described. Problems and suggested solutions were also mentioned in the term paper, such as issues concerning the applications front end and performance issues as well as proposed solution, that states that improvements in the batch programs codes especially in the database queries can improve performance. In addition, more processing power of the mainframe can improve the speed of the processor.

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The Renowned Case of Marbury vs Madison - Assignment Example Moreover, it also evaluates the decision of John Marshall, the Chief Justice of the US Supreme Court regarding the case. The evaluation of this would lead to an understanding of the loopholes in the US Judicial System and improve the US Judicial System. In the case of Marbury v. Madison, there were certain issues that were presented to the court. In this regard, it is observed that the major issue raised was the right of Marbury to serve as the Justice of Peace after being appointed to the same post. Moreover, in this regard, further issues are also presented regarding the infringement of Marbury’s right. Alongside, issues relevant to deal with such circumstances are also illustrated (FindLaw, 2015). The case of Marbury v. Madison had led to the establishment of the Article III of the US constitution. The Article III suggests of the establishment of the Judicial Branches in the US Judicial System. Moreover, the case also suggests of the presence of James Madison, who had been the Secretary of State of the United States. Moreover, it is also important to note that the judgement of the case was drawn under John Marshall. John Marshall had been the Chief Justice of the US Supreme Court during the period of the case (FindLaw, 2015). The case of Marbury v. Madison began when William Marbury on 2nd March 1801was appointed as the Justice of the Peace in Columbia District in the US. During that period, it was the last days of John Adam as the President of the nation. Several others were also appointed in different posts, but their commission was not provided. The discontented candidates in this regard filed a case against the Congress (FindLaw, 2015). Marbury v. Madison case is based on the Judicial Review of the Article III of the US constitution. The decision of the Supreme Court regarding the case distinguished and defined the boundary between the executives and the judiciary branches (FindLaw, 2015). The case of Marbury v. Madison began when William Marbury on 2nd March 1801was appointed as the Justice of the Peace in Columbia District in the US.     

Admission to the Master’s Program in Physical Anthropology Essay Example for Free

Admission to the Master’s Program in Physical Anthropology Essay I had always been enamored with science; accordingly I did my major in Chemistry and Archaeology from the University of Virginia. In this process I attended two archeological digs. One of these was of six weeks duration at a Native American Site that dated back to the seventeenth century. The other one was conducted at a Historical Site that pertained to the nineteenth century, during one of the semesters in college. During the course of my studies in archeology, I performed an isotopic analysis on hair samples obtained from ancient Egyptian mummies, in order to discover the diet that they used to consume. Subsequent, to graduating with a degree in chemistry and archaeology, I discontinued my studies in order to take stock of my life and also to foray into the field of penmanship by writing a novel. Afterwards, I examined the various graduate programs that I could join in order to continue my education. My interest in science actuated me to pursue a program in patent law in the law school. I did extremely well at law school, but I was not enamored by the study of law or what I saw of legal practice. In my opinion it seemed to be a profession that was motivated solely by personal gain and avarice and was least concerned with the advancement of society.   After the successful completion of the first year of this program, my professors and lawyers persuaded me to continue with it as it would become more interesting.   This assurance caused me to persevere with legal studies. See more:  The 3 Types of Satire Essay Nevertheless, the excitement generated by the acquisition of knowledge was never experienced by me. In addition, I never felt curious about discovering something new in this field of study. This was a novel experience, because I had been elated and thrilled by the process of acquiring knowledge as an undergraduate science student.   However, the time expended in acquiring a law degree was not an utter waste of time and effort. I became adept at analyzing and arguing in a legal manner. Furthermore, I acquired knowledge regarding the historical foundation of our legal system, and I grasped the nuances of patent law.   Thus, I decided to court my original and true love, which is science. Accordingly, I scouted around and subjected the various graduate programs for which I was eligible. My search, which was quite elaborate, disclosed that physical anthropology was ideally suited to my needs. Anthropology is derived from the Greek anthropos or human and logia or study. In other words anthropology constitutes the stud of humankind right from the time that man first appeared on this planet. Each and every aspect of humans is studied in this field of study and the focus is on a holistic approach to mankind. This is a fascinating study and it has four branches, namely cultural, linguistic, archaeological and biological anthropology. My predilection is towards biological or physical anthropology, which studies the biological origins, evolutionary development and genetic diversity of humans. An attempt is also made in this branch of study to comprehend human nature, the brain’s evolution and the nervous system (What is Anthropology? , 2006). My life’s ambition is to successfully complete the master program in physical anthropology and subsequently, obtain a PhD in this field of study. I am extremely interested in primatology or the study of primates, palaeoanthropology or the study of fossil hominids and genetics. At present I am involved with genetic research on mollusks at the Chicago Academy of Sciences. References    What is Anthropology? . (2006). Retrieved November 8, 2007, from American Anthropological Association: http://www.aaanet.org/anthbroc.htm